"Work and Energy and Harmonic motion" Work: "The product of the magnitude of an object's displacement and the component of applied force in the direction of displacement." (Nelson, P.731) Joule: " the SI Unit of Work and Energy". (Nelson, P.728) Kinetic Energy: " the energy an object has because of it's motion". (Nelson, P.728) Work Energy Theorem: " the total work done on an object equals the change in the kinetic energy". (Nelson, P.731) Potential Energy: "the stored energy an object has that can be converted in to another form of energy". (Nelson, P.729) Mechanical Energy: "the sum o an object kinetic and potential energies".(Nelson, P.728) Gravitational Potential Energy: " stored energy an object has because of it's position and applied gravitational force".(Nelson, P.728) Law of Conservation of Energy: "Energy is neither created or destroyed in an isolated system , it can only change form".(Nelson, P.728) Isolated System: " a system that can not interact or exchange energy with external systems also called the closed system".(Nelson, P.728) Open System: "a system that can interact with another external system".(Nelson, P.729) Biochemical Energy: " a type of chemical potential energy stored in the cells and other basic structures of biological organisms".(Nelson, P.725) Power: " the rate of the work done by a force over time or the rate at witch the energy of an open system change".(Nelson, P.729) Hooke's Law: "the amount of force exerted by a spring is directed proportional to the displacement of the spring" .(Nelson, P.727) Spring Constant: " the constant of the variation between the force exerted by an ideal spring and spring's displacement."(Nelson, P.730) Ideal Spring: " any spring that obeys the Hooke's law ,it does not any external or internal friction".(Nelson, P.727) Elastic Potential Energy: " the potential energy due to the stretching or compressing of an elastic material". (Nelson, P.726) Simple Harmonic Motion: "periodic motion in which the acceleration of the moving object is proportional to it's displacement".(Nelson, P.730) Perpetual Motion Machine: " a machine that can operate forever without restarting or refuelling". (Nelson, P.729) Damped Harmonic Motion: " periodic motion effected by friction".(Nelson, P.726)
"Momentum and Collisions" Linear Momentum: " a quantity that describes the motion of an object travelling in a straight line as the product of it's mass and velocity".(Nelson, P.728) Impulse: "the product of force and time that acts on an object to produce a change in momentum".(Nelson, P.728) Collisions: " the impact of one body with another".(Nelson, P.725) Law of Conservation of Momentum: Explosion: " a situation in witch a single object or group of objects breaks apart".(Nelson, P.726) Elastic Collisions: " a collision in witch momentum and kinetic energy is conserved".(Nelson, P.726) Inelastic Collisions: " a collision in witch momentum is conserved but kienetic energy is not conserved". (Nelson, P.727) Head on elastic Collision: "an impact in witch two objects approach each other from opposite directions".(Nelson, P.727) Glancing Collision: " a collision in witch the first object, after an impact with the second object , travels at an angle to the direction it was originally travelling. "(Nelson, P.727)
References: Bruni Dick, Speijer Stewart (2012).Nelson ,Physics 12 University preparation.Education Resource Centre york University,4700 Keel St.TEL Building,Room 3144,Toronto ,ON M3J 1P3 , 416-736-5259.
